Given the following numbers in billions of years
  a. 3BY   b. 5BY   c. 15BY   d. 30BY   e. 50BY
 How long ago (approximately) did the Big Bang happen?

Which of the following is the force that holds the universe together?
 a. gravitational b. centrifugal  c. frictional  d. nuclear    e. electromagnetic

The basic assumption central to the Steady State model
 a. implies that the universe evolved  b. denies that the universe changed in appearance  c. denies  the existence of the red shift    d. denies that matter moves outward  e. denies that there is any pattern  to the universe.

The primary evidence AGAINST the Steady State is:
 a. giant stars   b. supernovae   c. quasars   d. the echo    e. all of these

The scientist that first figured out the expansion of the universe is:
 a. Aristotle    b. Ptolemy    c. Copernicus    d. Newton   e. Hubble

The evidence for an EXPANDING universe is:
 a. the hydrogen hiss (Echo) b. the red shift  c. the Big Bang theory
 d. the Steady State theory  e. the presence of quasars.

The spectral lines of all the galaxies beyond our own cluster of galaxies are:
  a. blue-shifted    b. red-shifted    c. unshifted     d. broader than those of closer galaxies
  e. narrower than  those of closer galaxies.

The person who showed that spiral nebulae lie outside our galaxy, and further found that other galaxies outside  our local group are consistently red-shifted is:
 a. Galileo      b. Hubble     c. Newton     d. Kepler     e. Hoyle

Quasars are:
 a. the remains of stars   b. low energy objects   c. nebulae     d. in close proximity to the earth
  e. we're not exactly sure but they are relatively small and give off lots of energy.

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the Steady  State Theory?
 a. the universe had no beginning   b. the universe has always been expanding   c. new matter is  constantly being formed as the galaxies move apart   d. as the universe expands the density of matter  decreases     e. they are all correct

 Which of the following lines of evidence discredits  the Steady State model?
  a. the red shift of galaxies     b. quasars       c. variable cepheids     d. the variation in galaxy types
  e. the presence of  heavy elements

The universe will ultimately be open and never contract if:
 a. the outer galaxies explode forcing it back inward b. its mass is insufficient to draw it back inward
 c. all  the light elements are converted to heavy elements   d. time is expanded as the universe expands
 e. none of these

Given the PRESENT evidence, what is the most likely fate of the universe?
 a. it will expand forever     b. it will expand and stop     c. it will expand stop and reverse
 d. any of these could happen, we have no clue

Which of the following evidence supports the Big Bang model directly?
 a. the red shift of galaxies   b. quasars   c. the hydrogen hiss (echo)   d. the variation in galaxy types
 e. the presence of elements heavier than iron.

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